Essay about A Personal Utopia, Analysis of - 980 Words

A Personal Utopia: An Analysis of a Key Passage in Brave New World The key passage of Aldous Huxleys Brace New World takes place after John has been arrested and is a conversation with Mond. When John and Mond speak of ideal societies, a major part of Brave New World, the aspect of human nature which makes us search continuously for our personal Utopia, becomes apparent. In Monds study, the sacrifices each character makes in order to find a Utopia are interconnected. The search for a personal Utopia reveals Huxleys view on human nature of sacrificing everything to live with self-fulfillment. The connection of the sacrifices each character makes is shown in the study, helping the reader understand that it is human nature†¦show more content†¦Helmholtz cannot understand Othello, he is not accustomed to the social inability the book thrives on. He was still by far the most able, and willing, to understand Johns society. The characters present in the passage always hope to find a perfect society, although none can succeed. Helmholtz is a perfect example of this; he sees his position in his society and, as far as he knew, this was the best society for him (although his thoughts wandered outside the new worlds limits), and he decides to make the best of what he has. When the subject of islands appears, one see that the island is a reflection of the search for an ideal society. Mond wishes he is on an island, but, by controlling moral decisions for the inhabitants of the new world, he is able to make changes from within. John could never find a society that even mildly fit his needs. Again, this is because he was not willing to give up things that were most important to him, namely instability. This search drove him to his death. Much the same, there is Bernard. Bernards death is symbolized by his exile to Iceland. Bernard was searching for ideal societies , but in his research, could not find anything worth sacrificing his position for. The key to finding ones own personal Utopia in Brave New World is through self-fulfillment. The countless masses of normal people are fulfilled and see that they help the community by having a certain identity, thatShow MoreRelatedA Brave New World by Aldous Huxley1756 Words   |  7 Pagesrevolution utopia. Huxley greatly feared the ramifications to an industrialized world run by consumer capitalism, which is displayed in Brave New World. The government within the novel focuses solely on the bettering of technology and not scientific exploration and experimentation. The society’s values lie in instant gratification and constant happiness. The utopia is maintained through the means of drugs, conditioning, and deindividuation – which Huxley argues is the key to any successful utopia. BraveRead MoreEssay on Utopia1351 Words   |  6 Pages Thomas More’s, Utopia is one of the most politically and socially influential texts to date. His audience, which ranges from academic and social scholars to college students, all can gain a different understanding of the work and it’s meaning. In order to fully comprehend More’s message, one must have an appreciation for the time and culture in which he lived. After grasping historical concepts, one reads Utopia, not as just a volume recounting a fictitious island society, but rather as a critiqueRead MoreEnglish Lit. Pretest Essay597 Words   |  3 Pages Paraphrase Direct quote Summary All of the above 12. All of the following are acceptable sources for an academic research paper except for ______. (Points : 5) Wikipedia Peer-reviewed website Personal interview Accredited journal 13. Which of the following is the best strategy for linking evidence to your ideas in an argument? (Points : 5) Presenting one side of an argument Including information from a website Read MoreThe Ones Who Walk Away From 1861-18651550 Words   |  7 Pagescitizens of Omelas are only able to exist because a single orphaned child is kept in absolute solitude and misery in a basement below the sunny streets of the city. Through the use of the allegorical utopia Omelas, Le Guin urges the reader directly to explore the principles of morality in a personal manner that can be applied to real world contexts and inspire change. First of all, Le Guin utilizes perspective and imagery throughout the work to facilitate a deeper connection between the text andRead MoreAnalysis Of Aurobindo s Theory For Mandala Essay1819 Words   |  8 Pagesof today’s world, Ruth Levitas, author of perhaps most complete history of the concept of utopia to date, suggest three different bases for defining utopia – â€Å"content, form and function†. She points out that liberal humanist tradition neglects functions and focuses on matter of form and content, in terms of various canons how utopian works. However, the objective behind this research is not to define Utopia. What I am trying to evaluate is a perspective of Auroville for the better world throughRead MoreSocialism And Its Nature Of Supporting Economic And Social Equality1508 Words   |  7 Pagesthinking is necessary in societal progress, which the socialist ideology highlights and embodies. Socialism is a justifiable and critical ideology becaus e it supports an environment of equality, encourages revolution, and occasionally strives for utopia. The first important aspect of Socialism is its nature of supporting economic and social equality. In order to understand this feature of socialism, one must grasp the importance and benefit of equality to a society. Albert Fried summarizesRead MoreValue of a Dystopia Essay2321 Words   |  10 Pagesas a utopia. A utopia consists of having all the required or desirable elements of life that one has in mind. Everyone has an altered perception on what a utopia is, but in order for the world to be a utopia a universal definition is vital. Some elements to be considered in a utopia include a society that is stable socially, morally, politically, and economically. The more a world is in deficient to these key elements of a utopia, the farther the world travels from the parameters of a utopia. ThroughRead MoreGovernment Intervention, Real Gdp, And National Debt From An Economic Perspective1330 Words   |  6 PagesSweden: The Ultimate â€Å"Elsewhere† John Malkovich once, jokingly, stated that â€Å"utopia means elsewhere†. Sandwiched in between Norway and Finland is that idealized â€Å"elsewhere†, Sweden, with a strong government and thriving economy. It is not only solidly constructed but stunning to look at, with beautiful plant life and architecture to match. Sweden is sparsely populated with roughly 9.6 million people living comparatively good lives (with low crime rates, 18 month long parental leaves, and a high standardRead MoreThe Ones Who Walk Away From 1861-18651519 Words   |  7 Pageshappiness, intelligence, and health enjoyed by the citizens of Omelas are only able to exist because a single orphaned child is kept in absolute solitude and misery in a basement below the sunny streets of the city. Through the use of the allegorical utopia Omelas, Le Guin urges the reader to explore the principles of morality in a way that can directly be applied to real world contexts and inspire change. First of all, Le Guin effectively instills an awareness and understanding of the dilemma ofRead More Cassirer, Nietzsche and Niccolà ² Machiavellis The Prince Essay1154 Words   |  5 PagesMachiavelli much resembled a fascinated chess strategist, not concerned with who the players were but purely how the games were played out—how each step, when stripped of the useless morality, added to the grand game. His personal sentiments and beliefs could not affect his analysis of the intrigues, thus there is no room for moral principles in The Prince. Cassirer, however, also points out that while Machiavelli did by no means object to the use of evil, he did not create Machiavellism as the world

The Issue Of Juvenile Crime - 826 Words

One of the biggest problems the Country faces today is juvenile crime. Juvenile crime does not only affect the person who commits the crime, it also affects victims in the crime. After evaluating two sources concerning the topic of juvenile crime, I have come to my own conclusions related to this topic. I believe that changing the juvenile jurisdiction age from age seventeen to eighteen is a great idea. I also believe that sexting is a crime for some. Juvenile crime is a huge issue in the United States, but how we punish them is also very important. On September 18th, 2013 Deval Patrick the Governor of Massachusetts signed a legislation that raises the age of juvenile jurisdiction from the age seventeen to eighteen. There are many great reasons for this change. One reason for this change is because the age eighteen is the mark of adulthood in many areas. â€Å"Seventeen-year-olds are not adults† (Johnson et al). Another reason for this change is because the Governor at the tim e wanted to give every child the opportunity to succeed. â€Å"Raising the age of juvenile jurisdiction will provide teenagers with the age-appropriate rehabilitation and support services they need for future success (Johnson et al). The state of Massachusetts are also giving all minors convicted of lesser crime an equal chance of rehab. Another reason for this change is because other states and the federal government use eighteen as the age of adult criminal jurisdiction. Many states are taking this step toShow MoreRelatedThe Issue Of Juvenile Crime Essay810 Words   |  4 Pagesproblems the Country faces today is juvenile crime. Juvenile crime does not only affect the person who commits the crime, it also affects victims in the crime. After evaluating two sources concerning the topic of juvenile crime, I have come to my own conclusions related to this topic. I believe that changing the juvenile jurisdiction age from age seventeen to eighteen is a great idea. I also believe that sexting is a crime for some. Juvenile crime is a huge issue in the United States, but how we punishRead MoreJuvenile Crime Is One Of The Country s Not Joking Issues Essay1415 Words   |  6 PagesJuvenile crime is one of the country s not joking issues. Worry about it is shared through elected, state, and neighborhood government authorities and through people in general. In the United States, age cut-off points of juveniles change, the most extreme age being set at 14 years in a few states and as high as 21 years in others. The 16-to 20-year age gather, considered grown-up in many spots, has one of the most unusual occurrences of actual crime. A large degree of grown-up criminals has a foundationRead MoreJuvenile Crime Issues in Today’s Criminal Justice System18893 Words   |  76 Pagespart 5 Special Issues ISSUES FOR THE FUTURE The accused has these common law, constitutional, statutory, and humanitarian rights that may be threatened by technological advances and other developments:  ©  ©  ©  © chapter 15 Juvenile Justice chapter 16 Drugs and Crime chapter 17 Terrorism and Multinational Criminal Justice chapter 18 The Future of Criminal Justice These individual rights must be effectively balanced against these present and emerging community concerns: Widespread drug abuse amongRead MoreUnique Juvenile Situations Faced by Correctional Officers1315 Words   |  6 PagesRUNNING HEAD: UNIQUE SITUATIONS WHEN DEALING WITH JUVENILES Unique Situations When Dealing With Juveniles Corrections Professor Sunshine Richards Juvenile crime rates have been a main concern for law enforcement officials throughout the past several decades. â€Å"Over the past several decades, the number of juvenile arrests have been relatively stable except for increases in juvenile violent crime, as murder arrests for juvenile offenders increased by 93 percent during the 1980s and arrestsRead MoreFuture of the Juvenile Justice System1280 Words   |  6 PagesFuture of the Juvenile Justice System The future of the juvenile justice system is uncertain. There is a struggle to try a find a way to serve the needs of the juvenile delinquents and issue them a punishment for violating the law. In order to improve the direction of the juvenile justice system, recommendations are needed regarding community involvement, law enforcement, courts, corrections, and the private sector. These recommendations address issues that the system is currently facing and offersRead MoreJuvenile Transfer For Adult Courts : A Look At The Prototypes For Dangerousness, Sophistication Maturity, And Amenability925 Words   |  4 PagesJuvenile Transfer to Adult Courts: A Look at the Prototypes for Dangerousness, Sophistication-Maturity, and Amenability to Treatment through a Legal Lens http://psycnet.apa.org.ezproxy.liberty.edu:2048/journals/law/8/4/373.html In transferring, a juvenile to adult court there is a certain amount of criteria that needs to be followed. The first criteria is if the juvenile is dangerous to the community, the maturity of the offender, and the psychological findings of the offender, it helps to determineRead MoreThe Effects Of Juveniles Being Tried As Adults Essay1190 Words   |  5 PagesJuveniles in Jeopardy The Effects of Juveniles Being Tried as Adults Crime and punishment seems to be the hot topic in modern society. People from different age ranges go to different levels of prison, depending on what they have done. Sometime juveniles are tried and sent to prisons suited for adult crimes if it’s serious enough. Should we tried juveniles as adults if the criminal act is severe enough? What impact does it have on the juveniles? Would juveniles being tried as adults than being triedRead MoreReform Struggles During The 1960 s S And It Changed The Appearance Of The Juvenile Justice System858 Words   |  4 Pagesappearance of the juvenile justice system. New York passed legislation in 1962 which made a family court system. This court system took on the responsibility for all concerns which involves family life and heavy concentration on delinquent and neglected youths. The PINS (person in need of supervision) and CHINS (children in need of supervision) were also created by legislation which contains issues like truancy. When uti lizing these labels it sets jurisdiction over youth, juvenile courts extended theirRead MoreJuvenile Crime And Youth Around The World878 Words   |  4 PagesJuvenile crime and youth around the world is one of the most important social problems. The growth of such crimes is characterized primarily by considering youth unemployment, insecurity of young people in the future, dissatisfaction with the modern way of social control and rules. Some of the main reasons, of juvenile crimes are caused by family breakdown, child abuse, a violation of the inalienable rights of children to receive education and health care, along with living in bad conditions duringRead MoreThe Juvenile Justice System1313 Words   |  6 Pages Today s concept of the juvenile justice system is relatively new due to significant modifications in policy overtime. The justice system has been trying to figure out effective ways to treat juvenile criminal offenders successfully for years. The justice system did not always have a special category for juveniles and their crime. Juveniles was once treated as adults when they committed crimes and were subjected to harsh punishments. The juvenile court was the culmination of efforts of the positivist

Causes of Criminal Behavior Free Essays

In today’s time, deviance and crime plaque American society. There are vast degrees of deviance, from a simple shoplifter, to a car thief, to a killing machine with no conscience, otherwise known as a serial killer. How is this killing machine created? Where and how does this type of criminal behavior begin? The answers to these questions must be addressed in order to stop the formation of deviance. We will write a custom essay sample on Causes of Criminal Behavior or any similar topic only for you Order Now While searching for these answers, the nature vs. nurture is brought up. Scientist and psychologists have debated over whether a child’s upbringing forms their behavior or whether they are born with a personality disorder, or could it be their body type and brain set up? (Jones 1) Society may never truly know all the causes of this behavior but for now, they wrong upbringing can, without a doubt, increase the chances of violent behavior. It has been said for years that ones parents are the base to make someone the person they become as an adult. Parents are a young child’s role model, but as we grow older we start to have other influences in our lives. People such as our friends, teachers, and other family members are considered to be part of our outside environment. In today’s time we are seeing less nuclear families and more single parent households. (Waggoner 30) Kimberly J. Waggoner did a study called, â€Å"The Project of Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods† which followed 80 young kids, till the age of 30, to see what kind of an impact their childhood had on them as an adult. She found that without two reliable role models, it can make a difference in that child’s behavior. Waggoner 30) She makes a great point that, â€Å"Grandmothers often play an important role in preventing children from developing antisocial behavior, especially those children born to teen mothers. In essence, children with access to extended family and other role models can thrive in a single- parent home. † She also goes on to say, â€Å"Yet, some studies have found that boys raised by their birth mother and a stepfat her are no better off than boys raised by mom alone. † (Waggoner 30) The cause of this could be that the boys look at their stepfather as competitors, rather than role models, who normally help children develop their self-esteem. Boys need to have that male role model in their lives. Without a solid home environment, it could lead a child towards the first step to criminal behavior, which is delinquent behavior. It starts as young as preschool. The child shows aggressive behavior toward their peers, and is than deemed as an outcast. Most times, this creates poor peer relations and causes those children to b e with others who share similar behaviors; usually these relationships continue into adolescents and maybe even adulthood. Waggoner 28) A child’s environment and upbringing has a tremendous effect on who they become as an adult. â€Å"As an adult, we can choose the environment in which to live, and this will either positively or negatively reinforce our personality traits†¦ However, children are limited to the extent of choosing their environment, which accounts for the greater influence of environmental factors in childhood behavior,† says Caitlin Jones, a professor at the Rochester Ins titute of Technology. Jones 4) Even though all these things can cause criminal behavior, they are not the only causes. Parents could be great and do almost everything right and still have a criminal child on their hands. It is a great question they may never be answered, what makes some people commit vindictive criminal acts, while others could not even kill a fly? We may never truly know the answer but, there are plenty of theories on the brain of a criminal. An Italian psychiatrist by the name of Cesare Lombroso has done countless studies of the skulls of criminals and found, â€Å"†¦ each type of crime is committed by men with a particular physiognomic characteristics, such as a lack of a bred or an abundance of hair†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Rafter 69) In 1876 during an in depth study, Lombroso discovered most skulls of criminals were unusually small or malformed. Some of the skulls had a median occipital fossetta, and others had â€Å"monkeylike anomalies†. (Rafter 70) Criminals are said to look like everyone else, but there are little differences that to the normal person, go unnoticed. So they really do not look a whole lot different than the rest of us, yet they are still thought to be â€Å"backward intellectually compared to an honest man. †(Rafter 69) Another theory behind the criminal mind was brought up in the late 18th century by a German physician named Johann Gasper Spurzheim, and he came to what he thought, was an inescapable conclusion, â€Å"†¦ on the basis of numerous examples I have identified the primary cause of homicide, overdevelopment of the organ of Destructiveness, which is the seat of both negative and useful forms of destruction†¦It is commonly larger in men than women. (Rafter 78) Crimes are committed everyday; there are so many theories on the causes of crime one could talk about them for days. I believe both Lombroso and Spurzheim had great points; criminals are considered to be backward, which causes them to be vain, vindictive, remorseless, and undeterrable. Than, Spurzheim, believing in his organ of Destructiveness. Th ere is just one thing wrong with both of these theories; they leave out the women criminals. Men may be considered to be more physically violent than women but, they are just as capable as men at committing a violent act. Take the case of Andre Yates: in 2001, she systematically drowned her five children in a bath tub. Andre married a man by the name of Rusty Yates in 1993, and than she became pregnant six times in seven years, one ended in a miscarriage. Rusty insisted that Yates home school and take full care of the children herself. This placed heavy burdens on her and isolated her from social support. In early 2001, Andre lost her father and was prescribed antipsychotic drugs, she had her last child and went into postpartum psychosis. After drowning the children, Yates confessed she was not a good mother and was possessed by Satan. (Rafter 6) All the burdens of schooling, caring and cleaning up after five children can drive some mothers crazy. She could not handle all that stress than, after the trauma of losing her father, and having another baby, Andre Yates finally snapped. She is now incarcerated in a mental hospital. Cesare Lombroso also studied women criminals. He compared female offenders to their male counterparts and found â€Å"the few violent women exceed men in their ferocity and cruelty. (Rafter 71) Of course, there are far more crimes that are committed by men than women, yet women should not be eliminated from the world of crime. A criminal is a criminal, regardless of gender. Why do some offenders only commit one crime and others make a career out of it? A range of thoughts and theories exist. Some of those include: Kimberly Waggoner and all her ideas of childhood causes, outside environment, and our upbringing, Caitlin Jones and being able to choose our own environment as an adult to stop potential criminals. Also important are those of Nicole Rafter and the criminal brain, along with Lombroso, on women criminals and their male counterparts. Criminal behavior has been the subject for debate for centuries and will continue to be for centuries to come because, â€Å"Criminals are remorseless, incapable of resisting impulse to harm others, and morally savage, but in other aspects normal. † (Rafter 20) Hopefully, with all the knowledge we have and the studies yet to come, it will help to end the frustration that criminal justice psychiatrist experience while trying to fight crime, instead they will be able to understand, control and prevent crime. How to cite Causes of Criminal Behavior, Papers

Executive Shirt Company Case Analysis Essay Example For Students

Executive Shirt Company Case Analysis Essay OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT EXECUTIVE SHIRT COMPANY CASE PGP1 – Section A Group 13 Manohar Vankadara Darshan Karkera Sukvinder Singh Sunil Kumar A Touseefullah Siddiqui Q. 1) Compute the following quantities for the current production process as well as for Mike’s and Ike’s plans, assuming the plans are implemented as described in the case. Solution: Current batch processing Sales for the Executive Shirt Company are constituted of only a few basic styles and colours. Hence the company has a limited number of varieties to produce. So, it has large batches of each kind of shirt (size and color). It has only one cutting machine, which is computer-controlled and can cut up to 60 layers of cloth at the same time. Also up to 8 patterns can be cut simultaneously. The cutting process by the machine takes 30 minutes irrespective of the number of patterns and number of layers. But, the set up time is quite significant. It takes 1. 5 minutes to roll out a layer of cloth and so for 60 layers; it takes 90 minutes setup time. The machine is being operated by 4 operators and the company is using its maximum capacity, i. e. 60 layers and 8 patterns at a time. So, Total number of shirts cut in one run = 60*8 = 480 Total time taken by one run = setup time + runtime = 90 + 30 = 120 minutes Regular shirts labor content (minutes per shirt) for cutting = 120 / 480 = 0. 25 min per shirt Number of workers = 4 |Operation |Regular Shirts Labor Content (minutes |Number of |Time taken per |Time taken per | | |per shirt) |workers |shirt (minutes) |batch (minutes) | |1. Cutting |0. 25 |4 |0. 06 |3. 75 | |2. Make collar |3. 9 |8 |0. 49 |29. 25 | |3. Make cuffs |2 |4 |0. 50 |30 | |4. Make sleeves |0. 65 |2 |0. 33 |19. 5 | |5. Make front |2. 5 |6 |0. 42 |25 | |6. Make back |1. |4 |0. 43 |25. 5 | |7. Join shoulders |0. 66 |2 |0. 33 |19. 8 | |8. Attach collar |1. 65 |4 |0. 41 |24. 75 | |9. Attach sleeves |1. 55 |4 |0. 39 |23. 25 | |10. Stitch down sleeves |0. 65 |2 |0. 3 |19. 5 | |11. Sew side seam |1. 8 |4 |0. 45 |27 | |12. Attach cuffs |1. 55 |4 |0. 39 |23. 25 | |13. Hem bottom |1. 7 |4 |0. 43 |25. 5 | |14. Inspect |1. 5 |4 |0. 38 |22. 5 | |15. Iron |1. 5 |4 |0. 49 |29. 25 | |15. Fold, package |1. 75 |4 |0. 44 |26. 25 | |Total |25. 76 |64 |6. 27 |374. 05 | Thus, the direct labor content (min. /shirt) = 25. 76 Thus we see that the maximum time taken by a process in 30 min / labor / batch, which forms the bottleneck and represents the cycle time. The cycle time / shirt = 30 / 60 = 0. min / shirt. The work-in-process inventory = Total number of batches in all operations * Batch size = (16 + 1 44 + 12 + 12 + 12) * 60 = 196 * 60 = 11760 shirts Now we can apply Little’s Law to calculate the throughput time which is equal to the manufacturing lead time in this case. By Little’s Law, Throughput time = Work-in-process / Throughput rate = Work-in-process * Cycle time = 11760 * 0. 5 = 5880 minutes Since production goes on for 8 hrs per day, manufacturing lead time = 5880 / (8 * 60) = 12. 25 days Total number of shirts produced per month is 16,000. The company works for 20 days a month. So, the output per day = 16000 / 20 = 800 shirts. In, 8 hours a day, the company can produce 60 * 8 * (1/0. 5) = 960 shirts, which is the current production capacity. But it needs to produce only 800 shirts. So, the capacity utilization = (800 / 960) * 100 = 83. 33% The actual labor utilized = Number of shirts produced * Direct labor content = 800 * 25. 76 = 20608 minutes The available labor for utilization = Total number of workers * Hours per day * 60 = 64 * 8 * 60 = 30720 minutes Therefore, the direct labor utilization = (20608 / 30720) * 100 = 67. 08% Direct labor cost ($/shirt) = (64 * 8 * 6) / 800 = 3. 84 Mike’s Plan In this plan, the new â€Å"low-ply† laser cutting machine would take 2. 5 minutes to produce 5 shirts. One additional worker needs to be hired to operate this machine. Therefore, the regular shirts labor content = 2. 5 / 5 = 0. 5 minutes. The time taken per shirt = 0. 5 minutes Since this is the same as the maximum time taken for a single sewing pro cess causing the bottleneck (make cuffs), the cycle time / shirt will remain equal to 0. 5 minutes Here the time taken is 2. 5 min / labor / batch, which forms the bottleneck and represents the cycle time. Alexander The Great EssayDirect labor content = Labor content for cutting + labor content for processing = 0. 5 + 25. 51 = 26. 01 minutes/shirt Direct labor utilization = (100 * 26. 01) / (16 * 8 * 60) = 2601 / 7680 = 0. 3387 Direct labor cost / shirt = (16 * 8 * 6) / 100 = $7. 68 The final outcomes of the analysis are shown in the table below. | |Current Process |Mikes Plan |Ikes Plan | | |Regular Shirts |Regular Custom Shirts |Regular Shirts |Custom shirts | |Actual Cycle Time (min. shirt) |0. 5 |0. 5 |0. 67 |3. 9 | |Manufacturing Lead Time (days) |12. 25 |2. 06 |12. 58 |0. 41 | |WIP Inventory (shirts) |11760 |1980 |9060 |50 | |Production Capacity (shirts/day)|960 |960 |720 |123 | |Capacity Utilization(%) |83. 33 |93. 5 |111. 11 |81. 25 | |Direct Labor Content(min/shirt) |25. 76 |25. 79 |25. 76 |26. 01 | |Direct Labor Utilization(%) |67. 08 |74. 39 |87. 62 |33. 87 | |Direct Labor Cost ($/shirt) |3. 84 |3. 47 |3. 43 |7. 68 | Q. 2) Compare the two plans, in terms of both regular s hirt production and custom-shirt production. Based on your analysis, what is your recommendation for Dwight Collier? Mike’s process of production has the following properties: It uses a uniform production method for both regular as well as custom-shirt production. Cycle time of production remains same as initial value of 0. 5. Manufacturing Lead time has reduced to 142 Min. as the batch size has been reduced to 5 from 60. Capacity utilization has increased from 83. 33% to 93. 75%. Direct labor utilization has increased and the cost has reduced to $3. 47 per shirt. Ike’s process of production has the following properties: For the regular shirt production, cycle time has increased and also the lead time. Capacity utilization has increased beyond 100% as a result of which workers now have to work overtime. Direct labor utilization has also increased and the cost of production per shirt has gone down. For the custom shirt production, cycle time has increased; direct labor utilization has reduced drastically. Cost of production of these shirts has more than doubled, when compared to regular shirt cost. Despite all these, Ike’s production process has reduced the Lead time for custom shirts. With the knowledge about these variables, we can infer the following: Mike’s solution provides a cost effective way of producing custom-shirts which are also delivered in a reasonable time frame. Due to small batch size of 5, work in progress inventory has reduced from the standard value. This shows that the time spend by raw material in the production process has also reduced. His process of production is efficient as it allows better direct labor utilization. Capacity utilization has also increased and hence the efficiency of production process has also increased. Mike’s solution has one drawback that it treats the production of regular and custom-shirts as same. This results in slow delivery of these shirts when compared to Ike’s way of production. Ike’s solution segregates the production process for regular and custom-shirts. Due to this there is no mix between these two. Custom-shirt production process has been decoupled from the regular process production. This leads to less complexity. There might be a possibility that skill set required to produce custom shirt might be high when compared to standard shirt production. Workers with higher skill set can work on separate production line. Low lead time allows the company to cater to the customers at earliest time possible. This leads to more customer satisfaction. But the costs of production of these shirts have doubled. This method would be feasible only when customers are impatient to get the shirt produced in least time possible and they are willing to pay more prices. Considering all the constraints and choices available, Mike’s production method can be used when the customer are averse to paying double the standard amount for custom shirt. Lead time is also high, so the customer will have to wait for a longer time. Ike’s production method can be used when customers are impatient and are willing to pay double the original price.

Gospel of Mark free essay sample

Analyzes spiritual significance of New Testament Gospel, date of text, role of Peter, Satan, human wisdom vs. Gods will. Includes an outline. The Gospel of Mark, second in order in the New Testament, is also the shortest. Its brevity belies its interest. There are differing opinions on both the authorship and purpose of this gospel, but perhaps most disputed is neither one, but how it was written. Ironically, the method of writing is not nearly so important spiritually as is the message itself. Arguments over the method are similar to arguments over creation versus evolution: does the reader believe God involves Himself in the affairs of man and the world, or not? The message of Marks gospel says He does, to mans benefit and salvation. The second gospel was neglected by scholars from the 4th to the 19th centuries because it was widely regarded as an abridgment of Matthew, which was written first (Grassmick 95). We will write a custom essay sample on Gospel of Mark or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Since the 19th century proposition that Mark was written first

Definition and Examples of Sememes in English

Definition and Examples of Sememes in English Definition In English grammar, morphology,  and semiotics, a sememe is a unit of meaning conveyed by a morpheme (i.e., a word or word element). As shown below, not all linguists interpret the concept of sememe in just the same way. The term sememe was coined by Swedish linguist Adolf Noreen in Và ¥rt Sprà ¥k (Our Language), his unfinished grammar of the Swedish language (1904-1924). John McKay notes that Noreen described a sememe as a definite idea-content expressed in some linguistic form, e.g., triangle and three-sided straight-lined figure are the same sememe (Guide to Germanic Reference Grammars, 1984). The term was introduced into American linguistics in 1926 by Leonard Bloomfield. See Examples and Observations below. Also see: Grammatical CategoryHomonymyLexemeLexicalizationLexical Set Lexicology, Semantics, and Semiotics Polysemy Semantic Field and Semantic Field Analysis Examples and Observations: As a rough approximation, one may think of a sememe as an element of meaning.[W]e can say that a lexeme may be connected to more than one sememe; the lexeme table is an example. This relationship is often referred to by the term polysemy, which means multiple meaning.(Sydney Lamb, Lexicology and Semantics. Language and Reality: Selected Writings of Sydney Lamb, ed. by Jonathan J. Webster. Continuum, 2004) Semes and Sememes- [T]he basic or minimal unit of meaning, not further subdividable, is the seme, and . . . two or more semes existing together in a more complex unit of meaning comprise a sememe.(Louise Schleiner, Cultural Semiotics, Spenser, and the Captive Woman. Associated University Presses, 1995)- A sememe is the totality of semes that are actualized by a term within a given context. In [William] Blakes poetry the following sememe could be attached to the term city: industrial, black, crowded, poverty, pain, evil, filth, noise.(Bronwen Martin and Felizitas Ringham, Key Terms i n Semiotics. Continuum, 2006) Bloomfield on Sememes- According to [Leonard] Bloomfield (1933: 161 f.), a morpheme was composed of phonemes and had a meaning, the sememe. The sememe was a constant and definite unit of meaning which differed from all other meanings, including all other sememes. Thus, in Bloomfields view, the identification of a morpheme was based on the identification of a sequence of phonemes which could be assigned a meaning that was constant and different from all other meanings.(Gisa Rauh, Syntactic Categories: Their Identification and Description in Linguistic Theories. Oxford University Press, 2010)- In customary stratificationalist parlance . . ., one refers to the sememe as the realizate of a lexeme, or that piece of fragment of a network of mans cognitive knowledge that the given lexeme happens to realize. For technical and working purposes such a definition of the sememe is quite satisfactory and one need take no further issue with it. The evolution of the concept is fairly straight as w ell: in [Leonard] Bloomfields Language (1933) the term sememe refers to the meaning of a morpheme. Bloomfield offered no clear distinction between morpheme and lexeme, however, and this lack of clarification . . . meant foregoing the benefit of a powerful generalization. . . .The reason for this neglect of a most useful principle in linguistics arises from the fact that it is difficult to explain to linguists of other persuasions, to students, etc., just what it is that the stratificationalist means by the term sememe.(Adam Makkai, How Does a Sememe Mean? Essays in Honor of Charles F. Hockett, ed. by Frederick Browning Agard. Brill, 1983) The Meaning of a Simple WordWhat laity calls a simple word is probably a monomorphemic lexeme identifiable rather obviously with a major part of speech, as one is taught in traditional pedagogic grammars. What laity calls the meaning of a simple word is the semantically always-complex sememe that stands behind or sponsors a given lexeme. If such a lexeme is a common one- e.g., the meaning of father, mother, milk or sun, native speakers are not consciously aware of the definitional meaning of such a form, but they can, nevertheless, immediately translate such a form into another language they know, say German, and come up with Vater, Mutter, Milch or Sonne. If the word needed to express a fairly clear notion does not come to mind or is actually unknown, laity says, how shall I put it (the person has the notion but cannot find the word for it).(Adam Makkai, Luminous Loci in Lex-Eco-Memory: Toward a Pragmo-Ecological Resolution of the Metaphysical Debate Concerning the Reality or Ficti tiousness of Words. Functional Approaches to Language, Culture and Cognition, ed. by David G. Lockwood. John Benjamins, 2000) Sememes and Lexical Units[T]he introduction of the concept lexical unit (although within the restricted technical language of linguistics) is itself an illustration of the concept-forming power of the word. Many linguists . . . make a clear distinction between the seme (or semantic feature) and the sememe, defined as a complex or configuration of semes, which corresponds to a single sense of a lexeme. Sometimes the complete meaning of a lexeme is called a semanteme. However, up to [D. Alan] Cruse (1986) a precise term was missing in lexicology and lexical semantics for the combination of a specific form with a single sense, i.e. a full linguistic sign in Saussures sense. . . . Obviously, the introduction of the notion lexical unit has serious consequences for the distinction between homonymy and polysemy. It must be recognized, however, that paradigmatic as well as syntagmatic relations between words are a matter of lexical units, not lexemes.(Leonhard Lipka, English Lexicology: Lex ical Structure, Word Semantics and Word-Formation. Gunter Narr Verlag, 2002)

Business programmes teach techniques such as SWOT analysis Coursework

Business programmes teach techniques such as SWOT analysis - Coursework Example The final part will be a summation of all that has been presented in this paper. According to Henry 2008, p.6, business organizations face â€Å"a constantly changing external environment and need to ensure that their own internal resources and capabilities are more than sufficient to meet the needs of the external environment†. Mere survival is not the objective of a business organization. Growth and prosperity are the essential ingredients of any successful business organization and the focus of the strategic management activity in a business organization. For successful strategic planning strategic information is essential. This information pertains to an understanding of the current situation to ensure the desired future. Such strategic information is arrived at through business organizations undertaking an analysis of the external environment in which they conduct their business operations and the internal environment of the business organization itself (Henry, 2008). Two key components in strategic management involve analysis of the operating external environment of the business organization and the analysis of the internal environment of the business environment. ... The main objective in a SWOT analysis â€Å"is to identify the strategies to exploit external opportunities, counter threats, build on and protect the company and eradicate weaknesses† (Hill & Jones, 2008, p.19). Leigh 2010, p.115, defines the SWOT analysis â€Å"as a process by which a group of stake holders (a) identify internal and external inhibitors and enhancers of performance, (b) analyse those factors based on estimates of their contributions to net value and approximations of their controllability, and (c) decide what future action to take with regard to those factors.† For a SWOT analysis to be meaningful all three parts of the analysis has to be undertaken (Leigh, 2010). The SWOT analysis is a necessary analysis for business organizations to face competition, through identifying and exploiting opportunities in the business environment based on its internal strengths, eliminate internal weaknesses that restrain it and ward of threats, so as to sustain its busi ness activities and grow and prosper (Groucutt, 2005). The SWOT analysis is a simple yet efficient strategic planning tool that enables identifying of environmental opportunities for exploitation, employing the organizational strengths that have been identified, with the objective of securing future gains. The SWOT analysis tool thus enables an organization to efficiently leverage itself to face and overcome expected competition in its business activities in an ever changing environment (Schermerhorn, 2011). The SWOT Analysis Since its emergence as a strategic planning tool, the SWOT analysis has been a popular technique used by organizations to gain an understanding of its strategic situation. According

Reading Culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Reading Culture - Essay Example According to Foucault, this is so effective and in fact the guard does not have to always be present. Foucault argues using this illusion that the structure of power in the society resembles the one existing at the Panopticon. She continues to assert that the power of control the manner in which society acts originates from institution formation. The formed institutions then form kinds of behaviors considered wrong or right. As people are raised and age, they learn the norms of the institutions and remain vigilant not to go against them. From this, people have a perception that there is one empowered authoritative figure that exercises agency over the general society. But just like Panopticon that does not need a guard to be present to remain effective, the society institutions do not need an empowered authoritative figure. In essence, all members of the society act as authority since everyone indicate the significance of following the institutional norms by performing them. In fact Foucault asserts that there is no need any longer for an empowered authoritative figure since the society system is already set, there is the presence of illusion. In his essay, Foucault continues to say that power continues due to the application of discipline. She explains hat discipline is a technique used in exercising power. We can therefore say that discipline is basically a tool that is used to allow continuation of or strengthen power. People fear violating the norms and rules not just because they were generated by something or someone with power, but they are afraid to do so because they know that violating the norms and rules would make them victims of disciplinary sanction. John Berger in his essay Ways of seeing, Berger argues that the manner in which people perceive or view art is personally dictated by them, but by those who are seen as the experts and elites of art. This is an illustration of Panopticism in that most people perceive art in the manner in which an assu med authority informs them. In his essay, Berger demonstrates the way in which catalogues of art emphasize the significance of the background information that is identified with the art work rather than the factual meaning of art itself. He continues to say that art catalogues do not deal with the image meaning, but rather deals with the people who had the painting commissioned, the likely date of the art, the legal squabbles, people who own the art, and the families of the owners of the art. This means that the perceived experts of art only focus on the painting’s background information basically to have the painting assessed. This is because these perceived art experts writing the catalogues are also the perceived institution authorities by majority of people. Hence, just like Panopticon, people look at art the way they feel subject authority would prefer them to perceive it. Berger’s work demonstrates the power exhibited by an empowered authoritative figure in the s ystem of Panopticon. However, the art critics and elites that he refers to in his writing do not simply hold power for reasons of being perceived as the authority. Power and authority are, through the use of discipline, demonstrated. The writings of Laura Kipnis expound the idea of Panopticism and demonstrate the manner in whi

Reflexes Uncovered-Pathway of an action potential Comprehensive Paper Essay

Reflexes Uncovered-Pathway of an action potential Comprehensive Paper - Essay Example A stimulus is generated immediately a person comes in contact with a painful object like fire. The stimulus has to pass through layers of the layers of the skin, which include the epidermis and the dermis. The anatomy of the skin displays a rich network of receptors that are responsible for detecting pain (Moses et al., 67). The epidermis consists of hair and Merkel’s disc, which is a tactile receptor found between the epidermis and the dermis. This receptor detects any form of external stimuli. The Pacinian corpuscle is also found in the outermost layer of the skin and it detects abnormal pressures from external environment. Apart from these receptors, the outer skin layer has free nerve endings that detect pain. The stimulus goes through the free nerve endings to other sensory receptors in the dermis (Moses et al., 70). The presence of sensory receptors enables the skin to detect any change in environmental pressures like fire. The dermis also has the Ruffini’s corpuscle which is a receptor similar to a mushroom shape. The stimulus is also detected by the Pacinian corpuscle, which detects deep pressure within the hypodermis layer. The dermis contains free nerve endings that play a major part in detecting external stimuli. A stimulus excites the impulse at the resting membrane potential of the neuron threshold potential in order to reach the maximum action potential. When the maximum action potential is achieved, the cell membrane of the neurons becomes depolarized and the sensory receptors convert the portrayed information into nerve impulses. As a result the nerve impulse away from the dendrites into the neuron then onto the cell body of the nerve. It then travels via the myelin sheath of the axon, to the nodes of Ranvier and lastly to the synaptic knob where the axon and another neuron mee t each other. The gap between one neuron and another is called the presynaptic membrane

History of Democracy and Human Rights

History of Democracy and Human Rights This essay is going to be about some of the philosophers whose thoughts about democracy and human rights affected the declaration of human rights, and also about the deceleration itself. The first evidence of Human rights were given by Cyrus the great around 539 BC. After conquering Babylon he had the Cyrus cylinder created stating that he overthrew the old king and that he had greatly improved the lives of Babylonians. This is considered to be one of the first human rights charters as it is said that Cyrus freed slaves and said that every one should have freedom of religion. Whether it was put into action scholars disagree about, some say it is propaganda to win the hearts of his newly conquered city. Nonetheless he was the first leader to have those ideas. Democracy means people rule in Greek and ancient Greece is considered to be the home of democracy. But only a few select were allowed to vote. Is that really people rule? Plato was sceptic to people rule and thought that people were not to be trusted with power as they are easily swayed by strong leaders. In Platos masterpiece The Republic he suggests many different types of government and today it would not be a good manual for a good government as Plato strived for an utopian society. The governments suggested in The Republic do not resemble modern republics and constitutional monarchies. But some dictatorships can resemble Platos Utopia. Plato however suggested that women and men should have equal rights which is very relevant to human rights. Aristotle, unlike Plato, was not concerned with creating a perfect society. He wanted to improve the existing one. However he was, like Plato also sceptical towards democracy or mob rule. In Aristotles ideal state an Enlightened king would rule alongside the help of an Educated Aristocracy and a Popular Assembly that respected the rule of law. This idea resembles the current U.S. Model. Aristotle however believed that it was the womans role to obey as it was for the mans to command. Other philosophers are John Locke and Thomas Hobbes, we can clearly see similarities between their ideas, and how our modern society is formed. Thomas Hobbes believed that: Each man must be contented with so much liberty against other men as he would allow other men against himself , that is similar to the golden rule: Treat others as you wish to be treated yourself. Hobbes lived in the time when the English civil war took place, he believed that humans are greedy and evil. John Locke on the other hand, believed that people are good and tolerant. He said that: People are free to do whatever they want as long as they do not damage someone elses: life, health, liberty or possessions. He also believed that : Everyone must agree to hand over power to one central authority whose job it is to impose the law and severely punish law-breakers. John Locke had a more optimistic view on mankind whilst Thomas Hobbes had a more negative view on man. Hobbes would compare man to beasts except for one difference, man was always competing for honour and dignity: Are continually in competition for honour and dignity (Leviathan, XVII, p.111) These philosophers may not have directly affected the democracy we have today, but with their ideas they are sure to have influenced many other thinkers in helping to create the government we have today. It has been said that democracy is the worst form of government except all the others that have been tried. Winston Churchill. The universal declaration of human rights was born on December 10, 1958 and is not a legally binding document. It was not made legally binding because if it was then no countries would have adopted it. As it is today the countries that want to make it legal can only do so by incorporating it into the constitution. Article one and two can be seen as the foundation blocks of the human rights. They are negative rights because they restrict people from discrimination. The articles state that: everyone is entitled to all the rights and freedoms set forth in this declaration. The main point of the two articles is that everyone are equal and free without any form of discrimination. The ideas about equality between men and women can be found in Platos ideas about equality women should be treated equally with men Articles 3, 4 and 5 state that everybody should be secure and free and that nobody should be denied their security and freedom. The problem with these articles is that they are very vague and can be interpreted differently by each country. A topic that is widely discussed is abortion, the declaration of human rights clearly state that everyone has the right to live. But when does that right take action? When the child is conceived or when the child is born? Article 26 discusses the issue of education. It goes back to the foundation blocks saying that everyone has the equal right to education no matter what sex, race or nationality. It also says that the guardians have the authority to the education for their child, until they come of legal age. The right to education can be seen in Jeremy Benthams ideas, he called for right to education for all Article 17 talks about the right to own property and not to be deprived of it without any concrete evidence. This right could be based on John Lockes idea about property and profit: private ownership of property and profit meaning that no government or state has the right to claim your property and profit. Article 21 consists of positive rights that give you the right to affect the choice of government. It gives you the right to vote no matter sex or race and to do so anonymously and free of cost. Jeremy Bentham believed in voting rights for working men and women. Thomas Hobbes and the natural law tradition by norberto bobbio 1993 i think and translated by Daniela Gobetti

One Hundred Years of Solitude :: English Literature Essays

One Hundred Years of Solitude One Hundred Years of Solitude narrates the inseparability of the past, present and future in the imaginary town of Macondo, Columbia and the folks who established it, the Buendias. Macondo used to be secluded from the outside world but during a time-span of one hundred years that was joined by births, deaths, marriages and love affairs, the town began to develop its culture and views about life that directed the Buendias in creating ghosts that haunted them as the novel draws its conclusion. Marquez’s style in creating a fictional rural town of Macondo as the setting of the novel is perfect; as a reader, I believe that Marquez used this town to tell the readers that the novel will be about the movement between past, present and future. In the beginning of the story, it is stated that Macondo is isolated but as time passed by, industrializations, revolutions and wars reached the town that led to its destruction that made the town isolated again just like what it was a hundred y ears ago. Marquez did not focus to an individual but he used the Buendia family to become the protagonists of the story. If you’re going to look closely, you will realize that the outside forces are not the antagonists but it’s the past which ended the story. The novel was written in an omniscient third person point of view, which allows the readers to know every feeling and thought that each Buendia has. The theme of the novel is about the reality that can be felt by different people with unique backgrounds not by the way a single person observes it; a reality that conveys the incorporation of the superstition to the real world and Marquez also wants to emphasize that time can be cyclic, it can repeat itself. Marquez used a lot of literary devices such as symbolisms, motifs and foreshadowing. The author used the railroad to symbolize the arrival of the modern world in Macondo. One can say that the names of the members of the Buendias want to signify something. In the span of six generations, the men of the family are named Jose Arcadio or Aureliano that suggests that you can’t simply tell their differences because Marquez wants to tell us that these people are all the same in the sense that they keep on repeating the same mistakes that was done by their ancestors.

Nursing Jurisprudence Essay

1.Intentional torts share three common elements as described in the text on page 113: There must be a volitional or willful act by the defendant.The person so acting must intend to bring about the consequences or appear to have intended to bring about the consequences.There must be causation. The act must be a substantial factor in bringing about the injury or consequences. Examples of intentional tort include: assault, battery, false imprisonment, conversion of property, trespass to land, and intentional infliction of emotional distress. Threatening a patient with an injection or with starting an IV line is an example of assault. Quasi intentional torts differ from intentional torts because with quasi intentional torts the intent is lacking but there is still a volitional act and direct causation. Examples of quasi intentional torts include invasion of privacy and defamation. An example of defamation is when a nurse makes false chart entries about a patient’s lifestyle or diagnoses. 2. All five RN’s that I interviewed regarding their understanding of torts were mostly confused. All five of them were asked if they could tell me the difference between intentional and quasi intentional torts. The first nurse stated that she had no clue as to what I was talking about. The second nurse said, â€Å"I think it has something to do with how nurses treat their patients.† The third nurse just looked at me in a very confused manor, as if she were waiting for me to give her more information. The fourth nurse said, â€Å"I kind of remember learning about that in nursing school, but that was many, many years ago, and I don’t recall exactly what it is. The final nurse knew a little bit more than the others and stated, â€Å"Aren’t they laws that nurses should abide by?† Although, her response was in the form of a question, at least she knew it had something to do with the law. 3. After interviewing these five nurses if became clear to me that nurses need to be reminded or re-educated often about the laws that could affect their practice. An employer providing mandatory continuing education units on torts is one good way of increasing nurses understanding of torts. Another idea could be to place posters in the elevators that nurses might use frequently. These posters should be eye-catching with graphs, diagrams and illustrations showing the differences in torts. Implementing a short video during the orientation process could be another way to increase nurses understanding of torts. Finally, with all the mobile devices that are available these days, I think it would be great if someone created an app that could be downloaded by nurses to their own personal smart phones or tablets explaining the differences between intentional and quasi intentional torts.

Harriet Tubman Essays - African Americans In The Civil War

Harriet Tubman Essays - African Americans In The Civil War Harriet Tubman ?Every great dream begins with a dreamer. Always remember, you have within you the strength, the patience, and the passion to reach for the stars to change the world.? (American escaped slave, Civil War Soldier and Abolitionist, 1820-1913) And that?s exactly what Harriet Tubman did. She was the Moses of her people, leading more than 300 slaves to freedom, in an operation called The Underground Railroad. She put her life in serious danger over and over again by making trips back and forth from the north to the south to free more slaves. In spite of her childhood tragedies, she grew up into a powerful role model for people everywhere. She was one of eleven kids born to Harriet Greene and Benjamin Ross. Both her parents were slaves. The Brodas plantation in Dorchester County, Maryland is where she was raised and owned by Edward Brodas, and ?People said that he was the meanest slave owner around? (Sheran). As a small child Tubman spent most of her time with her grandmother who was too old to work. At the age of six Tubman was considered old enough for labor. Brodas loaned her to a young white couple who had her weaving. Young Tubman liked to slack off a lot because she was lazy at first, and as a result she was beaten. The couple was tired of her laziness so they assigned her to check muskrat traps for punishment. While doing this job she caught the measles and bronchitis from the icy water. She was deemed useless and sent her back to Brodas, where her mother nursed her back to health before attending to more work. Tubman?s next owner was Ms. Susan, where she became a house keeper and babysitter for Ms. Susan?s infant. Tubman had no idea how to care for a baby, and was abused every time the baby would cry. She would get nervous and worry a lot about the baby crying because she did not want to get abused for it. However, Ms. Susan?s sister came in town one week and kindly taught her how to tend to the baby. Things got better after that, but not for long because one day she was setting the table when Ms. Susan saw her take a sugar cube and went after her with a rawhide switch. Tubman sprinted out of sight as fast as she could,?While running Harriet had her first feeling of freedom? (Shearn). She lived in squalor for nearly a week with pigs, and was scared of the mother pig . Before starving to death and scared that she would get shot, she finally returned to Ms. Susan?s only to be greeted by a brutal beating and sent back to Brodas. At age twelve, working for a middle aged man, she began loading and splitting wood. As Tubman?s muscles grew she began doing tasks even a grown man had difficulty with. She felt as she could do just about anything a man could just as well, or even better; but if a task appeared to be unfinished, she would get beaten and have to do it all over again, feeling lazy for not doing it the first time. Suffering such physical abuse as a child scarred her for life. She used to get whipped at least five times before breakfast for years, but it doesn?t compare to what happened when she was just twelve. She saw a man getting beat on trying to escape and as the slave owner told Tubman to help tie him up she refused she knew it was wrong to help tie him down, and she wanted him to get away and be free. The slave made a run for it and the man who was trying to catch him threw a brick at the slave but instead of hitting the man, it hit Tubman right in the head. She ended with a fractured skull and brain damage, resulting in random blackouts the rest of her life. Growing up, Tubman was always aware of how unfair life was. The slaves would work in the blazing hot fields and were forced to sing while the masters sat in the shade and watched (Dixon).One day a

Beauty Standards in Heian Japan, 794 - 1185 CE

Beauty Standards in Heian Japan, 794 - 1185 CE Different cultures have varied standards of female beauty. Some societies prefer women with stretched lower lips, or facial tattoos, or brass rings around their elongated necks. In Heian-era Japan, a beautiful woman had to have incredibly long hair, layer after layer of silk robes, and an intriguing make-up routine. Heian Era Hair The women of the imperial court in Heian Japan grew their hair as long as possible. They wore it straight down their backs, a shining sheet of black tresses (called kurokami). This fashion began as a reaction against imported Chinese fashions, which were much shorter and included ponytails or buns. The record-holder among Heian hair-growers, according to tradition, was a woman with hair 7 meters (23 feet) long! Beautiful Faces and Makeup The typical Heian beauty was required to have a pouty mouth, narrow eyes, a thin nose, and round apple-cheeks. Women used a heavy rice powder to paint their faces and necks white. They also drew bright red rose-bud lips on over their natural lip-lines. In a fashion that looks very odd to modern sensibilities, Japanese aristocratic women of this era shaved off their eyebrows. Then, they painted on misty new eyebrows high on their foreheads, almost at the hair-line. They achieved this effect by dipping their thumbs into black powder  and then smudging them onto their foreheads. This is known as butterfly eyebrows. Another feature that seems unattractive now was the fashion for blackened teeth. Because they used to whiten their skin, natural teeth ended up looking yellow in comparison. Therefore, Heian women painted their teeth black. Blackened teeth were supposed to be more attractive than yellow ones, and they also matched the womens black hair. Piles of Silk The final aspect of a Heian-era beautys preparations consisted of piling on the silk robes. This style of dress is called ni-hito, or twelve layers, but some upper-class women wore as many as forty layers of unlined silk. The layer closest to the skin was usually white, sometimes red. This garment was an ankle-length robe called the kosode; it was only visible at the neckline. Next was the nagabakama, a split skirt that tied at the waist and resembled a pair of red pants. Formal nagabakama could include a train more than a foot long. The first layer that was readily visible was the hitoe, a plain-colored robe. Over that, women layered between 10 and 40 beautifully patterned uchigi (robes), many of which were adorned with brocade or painted nature scenes. The top layer was called the uwagi, and it was made of the smoothest, finest silk. It often had elaborate decorations woven or painted into it. One final piece of silk completed the outfit for the highest ranks or for the most formal occasions; a sort of apron worn at the rear called a mo. It must have taken hours for these noble women to get ready to be seen in court each day. Pity their attendants, who did their own simplified version of the same routine first, and then helped their ladies with all of the necessary preparations of a Heian-era Japanese beauty. Source: Source on silks: Sara M. Harvey, The Juni-hito of Heian Japan.

Assignment on Current Information Technology Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

On Current Information Technology - Assignment Example This essay seeks to examine the use of research and development program in enhancing the operations of the firm in line with the firm’s strategy (Jacques & Fabrizio, 2014). As a point of departure, management of technology consists of management of research, products and development of processes. In essence, research development aims at expanding the company’s grasp of science and engineering skills and its relevant applications. Effective technological management needs integration of the process development and manufacturing engineering (Jacques & Fabrizio, 2014). This aspect of integration is common in the Japanese industries and it is immensely attributed to high-level manufacturability, with cost and quality effectiveness. Managing an R&D program in an efficient manner, a company must have a coherent product and market strategy. It is realizable that, the level of strategic attentiveness in one or more product- market. For instance, the strategic focus of the R&D program in managing the technological processes of the firm is to increased improvements in value, performance, quality and cost (Jacques & Fabrizio, 2014). This brings the difference between manual or physical firms’ strategy sustenance and the technologically sustained. The technologically based strategy management contributes immensely to the achieving of the firm’s objectives and helping in sustaining the market share and profit margins and this leads to high cash flows thus creating a competitive edge in the market niche. On the same note, the R&D program plays a fundamental role in replacing an existing product with a new one in the market. The role entails immense depths of improving functionality and lowering cost. In comparison with the manual replacement and managing of a replacement process, the technologically based management system oversees a smooth transition and ensures that, the rest of processes in the firm are not disrupted (Mario, Margherita &Massimo, 2013).

Changing Accounting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Changing Accounting - Essay Example siness was usually owned by individuals through shareholding, in Germany businesses were mainly owned by families whose capital had been providing by financial institutions. These differences in ownership structures have been led to the development of accounting standards that are geared towards shareholders in Britain and towards creditors in Germany. This paper will look at some why the accounting standards are different in Germany and in the United kingdom, in addition, it will also discuss the reasons why the the 4th directive had minimal effects on German’s accounting standards and why the 7th directive had more impact. One of the differences between German and UK accounting standards is the format of the financial statements. While in the two countries it is mandatory for companies to prepare a balance sheet and profit and loss account, in Germany, these are supposed to be accompanied by a note to the accounts, which explain the details in those accounts. In preparing a balance sheet, the UK accounting standards have allowed for two formats; one is the vertical format where current assets are deducted from current liabilities to show net current assets, the other format is the two sided format where liabilities and assets are placed on opposite sides with the easily liquefiable at the end. According to German standards, balance sheets can only be prepared using the two-sided format with assets being divided into current and fixed assets. In preparation for profit and loss accounts, United Kingdom allows for four formats two of which are vertical and two of which are horizontal. In the vertical formats, one formats puts expenditure as a cost of sales, distribution or administrative cost therefore, giving the gross profits while the other vertical formats gives a more detailed view of expenditure. On the side of the horizontal formats, expenses are put on one side and income on the other side with one of the format giving more details about the expenses.

MOTIVATION Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

MOTIVATION - Research Paper Example Thus Motivation or Motives act as a set of psychological catalysts that contribute in converting the needs, wants and desires of an individual into effective drives to help achieve end goals and incentives. Henceforth motivation also helps an individual in effectively reducing the tension gained from the growing set of desires and wants to achieve or accomplish ends and goals (Bowkowski, 2011, Ch.5). The inner drive of an individual to satisfy the emerging want or need can be reflected as follows. Figure 1 (Bowkowski, 2011, Ch.5) Difference between Traditional and Current Approaches to Motivation Different sets of Motivation Theories have gained emergence from the traditional to the modern managerial periods. These different theories related to the Traditional and Modern context owes some specific differences that can be highlighted as follows. The Traditional Theories related to motivation focus on rendering an effective analysis of the job environment or work atmosphere of an indiv idual and the different types of rewards needed to enhance the performance levels of the employees. Here rewards act as intrinsic motivators to help an individual generate the needed drive to achieve the end goal. On the contrary the Current Approaches to Motivation rely mainly on three types of theories like Content, Process and Reinforcement that contribute in shaping the motivational behavior of an individual to achieve the end goals. Identification and Description of Content Theories of Motivation based on Employee Needs The Content Theories of Motivation tend to operate based on a premise that certain factors are responsible in creating an inner drive in an individual to generate a desire to achieve end goals and thereby satiate the gamut of needs and wants emergent in one’s psychological level. Thus through the use of Content Theories the managers tend to gain an understanding of the factors that tend to drive or kindle the energy in an individual to achieve desired end s. Content Theories being related to the unsatisfied needs or wants of an individual is also referred to as Needs Theory (Bowkowski, 2011, Ch.5). Identification and Explanation of Process Theories of Motivation The Process theories of Motivation relate to the Cognitive elements used by an individual to decide on the behavioral process or attributes needed to specifically fulfill a desired set of objectives or accomplish the goals set. Herein the person needs to effectively evaluate whether the factor choices for motivation are resultant or effective to achieve end objectives. Thus herein motivation depends on factors like the attributes of the goals set to achieve, secondly in whether equitable access is existent in helping an individual gain the required opportunities in achieving desired ends and finally in whether one possesses the required level of potency in helping to raise the expectation for meeting end goals. Significant Process Theories relate to Expectancy, Equity, Satisf action-Performance, Goal-Setting and Reinforcement (Bowkowski, 2011, Ch.6). Description of Reinforcement Theory of Employee Motivation The Reinforcement Theory of Motivation works mainly along four parameters: Positive and Negative Reinforcements and Punishment and Extinction. Positive and Negative Reinforcement criteria generally focus on motivating an individual’s performance through the generation of rewards and also

Critical Success Factor Analysis Essay Example for Free

Critical Success Factor Analysis Essay This wasnt the case for AA. They had clear Organisational vision and views set out from the beginning. Their reason for the new system was to improve the standards of customer service for customer loyalty and to reduce their cost which is their organisational strategy.  This resulted in three main business requirements for the new IS. Development of a nationally-based system   Separation of the functions   The provision of a base for new products or services  AAs system was definitely a business-led system. They had the idea for AAHELP long before technology caught up enough for the system to be implemented. Their IS system was led by a long-term vision from way back. A lot could be contrasted during the implementation phase also. In AAs case, they used a phase-by-phase approach. Each phase would have a business case. This was to make the job of convincing the board easier. This proved useful not only in convincing the board, but also in that it allowed a certain degree of flexibility, as the system could be adapted in order to deal with the changes in the organisation more generally. This gradual incremental approach to the development meant that even though the overall time of the project took longer, the system was checked more thoroughly, and thus was much less likely to have problems later on when it would cost a lot more to fix.  This is shown very clearly in the Symons case. They hired ProSys to deliver the full system in one go. During implementation, they found a lot of costly errors such as differences in Numbering Systems, and changes to the system which cost them an additional à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½15,000. IT TEAM There were some differences between the two even in their I.T Team. Firstly, AA had their personal in-house I.T staff while Symons hired programmers. There are several benefits of in-house I.T staff. It takes shorter time for problems to be sorted out. Another difference was that the IT Team all worked in one location only. This built team spirit and encouraged formal and informal communications. Working so close together also meant that problems would be noticed, and sorted out much faster. Strategic Information Systems Planning Methodologies  The task of strategic information systems planning is difficult and often time organizations do not know how to do it. Strategic information systems planning is a major change for organizations, from planning for information systems based on users demands to those based on business strategy.  Vitale, et al. (1986) classifies SISP methodologies into two categories: impact and alignment. Impact methodologies help create and justify new uses of IT, while the methodologies in the alignment category align IS objectives with organizational goals. Impact Methodologies  Value Chain Analysis  A form analysing business activities. It helps in devising information systems which increase the overall profit available to a firm and identifying the potential for mutual business advantages of component businesses, in the same or related industries, available from information interchange. It concentrates on value-adding business activities and is independent of organizational structure. Strengths: It concentrates on direct value adding activities of a firm and thus pitches information systems right into the realm of value adding rather than cost cutting  Weaknesses: Basic concept of a value chain is difficult to apply to non-manufacturing organizations where the product is not tangible and there are no obvious raw materials. It also fails to address the developmental and implementation issues. Critical success factors analysis can be considered to be both an impact as well as an alignment methodology. Critical Success Factors (CSF) in the context of SISP are used for interpreting more clearly the objectives, tactics, and operational activities in terms of key information needs of an organization and its managers and strengths and weaknesses of the organizations existing systems. Critical success factors are limited areas of the business where if the result is satisfactory, will ensure successful competitive performance for the organisation Strengths: CSF analysis provides a very powerful method for concentrating on key information requirements of an organization, a business unit, or of a manager. This allows the management to concentrate resources on developing information systems around these requirements. Also, CSF analysis is easy to perform and can be carried out with few resources.  Weaknesses: CSF analysis by itself is not enough to perform comprehensive SISP because it does not define a data architecture or provide automated support for analysis. CSFs also focus primarily on management control and thus tend to be internally focused and analytical rather than creative

Documentary on Newfoundland :: essays research papers

Canada is internationally recognized for its excellence in documentary film, and in recent years several of Canada's finest documentary makers have come from this province. Some of them work primarily in Newfoundland and Labrador while others take their cameras around the world. Their films often tell highly personal stories that reflect universal themes, and many are characterized by an unmistakable passion for grass-roots politics, social change and human rights. For most of this century Newfoundland and Labrador stories and events were interpreted through the eyes of visiting filmmakers. Producers from Great Britain and the United States arrived as early as 1907 to do brief pieces about hunting, fishing and wildlife. The National Film Board of Canada (N.F.B.) made several short films here in the 1940s and came regularly after Confederation, eventually building a library of over 100 films about the province. Local directors and producers did not contribute to that library until the 1980s. A few Newfoundlanders were shooting footage in these early years, but usually out of personal interest and with no intention of creating narrative films. Finished projects by local cameramen and editors began to appear after the second World War. They included The Golden Jubilee of Archbishop Roach (1947) by W.J. Ryan and The Land We Love (1955), a travelogue of the Avalon Peninsula by Len Earle. By the late 1960s the CBC and CJON television stations were filming news, entertainment and information programs. Memorial University's Extension Service established a "media unit" to make educational films and documentaries and record significant public events. The unit also worked with the NFB on several projects, including a series of short films on Fogo Island that incorporated input and feedback from local residents. CJON at Buckmaster's Circle, 1952. Jack Squires loads CJON's mobile transmitter van in preparation for an important outside broadcast. Photo by C.F. Ruggles. From Newfoundland Radio in Pictures, 1952 (St. John's, Nfld: Guardian Press, Â © 1952) 43. (51 kb) In the early 1970s the first generation of independent filmmakers was beginning to emerge. Fourteen of them formed the Newfoundland Independent Filmmaker's Cooperative (NIFCO) in 1975. although dedicated to the making of dramatic and artistic films, NIFCO has also been vital to the development of a home-grown documentary industry. The early NIFCO documentaries focus on the province's history and heritage and are only a few minutes long. Stone's Cove (1980) profiles a resettled community through contemporary footage and old photographs. Dig At Cow Head (1982) is a brief portrait of an archaeological dig.

Stalking Celebrities Essay -- essays research papers

The Stalking of Celebrities Stalking remains Hollywood's recurrent celebrity nightmare.1 Never before have we been able to know as much about a star as we do about a close pal. Thanks to publications and TV shows that cater to the public appetite for celebrity news, there's little privacy for stars. We learn the minor details of their lives--from an early schooling, to first kiss, last divorce, drug problems, hopes and fears.2 Celebrities on their own property are not safe from high-powered lenses, I will discuss what celebrity stalking is, why we should have harsher laws against stalking, and what the difference is between photojournalism and the paparazzi. I will prove that stalking celebrities just because there rich or famous is wrong. The law defines stalking as placing a person in fear of his or her safety, even without intent to carry out the threat.4 Being famous increasingly means living in fearSeventeen percent of the stalker's victims are celebrities.6 â€Å"Stalking of celebrities is not done by yo ur average autograph hound.7 The stalking behavior due to delusional disorders affects 3 out of every 10,000 people and only 1%-2% of all mental patients,† Dietz says. â€Å" But it is increasing as our culture promotes celebrities as the religion of the day.†8 â€Å"The knowing of the habits and secrets of celebrities has become a national obsession,† says James Swanson, a lawyer and author.9 There is roughly a dozen types of stalkers. Obsessive love motivates most celebrity stalkers, followed by erotomania--a person believing that he or she is loved by someone famous. Can't celebrities just put in a security system, hire a few body guards, have their fan mail checked and relax?10 It's not that simple. â€Å"There's a lot of terrorism involved in stalking that is life-altering,† Lane says. â€Å"Once you live in fear, you lose trust in people and become more isolated. It hangs with you for the rest of your life. That's a very high price to pay for fame.à ¢â‚¬ 11 Where stalking is concerned, society, it seems, wants to keep it a personal matter. Perhaps due to the mostly domestic context of the crime, most people rely on the out of sight, out of mind approach where stalking episodes are concerned. Cases are viewed as â€Å"lover's quarrels† or â€Å" personal matters,† and other people (often including law enforcement officials) choose to turn a blind eye--usually until it is too late to he... ...pers and magazines. This requires lying, bribing, and getting the photograph by any means necessary.22 A photojournalists is journalism in which news stories are presented mainly through photographs. This requires getting assignments from reporters, listening to scanners, and going to games or press conferences. They are there to summarize events and emotions through the lens .23 It's a lot of money when one considers that hundreds of photojournalists struggle to find jobs that average around $20,000 a year. Maybe a little more money could keep the press more focused on what is news?24 Not every news event is pleasant. There are times when people don't want to be photographed. Fires, car accidents, shootings--they are not pleasant, but they are news. I have discussed what celebrity stalking is, why we should have harsher laws against stalking, and what the difference is between photojournalism and the paparazzi. I have proven that stalking celebrities just because of their riches or fame is wrong. If you support my thesis you will go to http://www.soshelp.org/ and expand your knowledge about stalking. Celebrities' lives are like a diary open to the public, supplied by the press.

Internet Censorship Essay

WebInternet censorship (Is it possible to keep children safe from potential internet dangers? ) by: Eko Setiyo Utomo The Internet has become a part of modern life style for most people. In developed countries, most people use the internet at home. Children can access the internet for everything, from playing games, to doing schoolwork, to chatting with friends via e-mail, to surfing the web. Most online services provide children with a vast range of resources such as encyclopedias, current events coverage, and access to libraries and other valuable material. However, there can be real risks and dangers for an unsupervised child because most materials on the Internet are not only uncensored but also unedited. Adults can be expected to make their own evaluations of what they find. Children, who lack experience and knowledge, can not do this. Strohm (n. d. ) claims that the essential issue in the internet is internet pornography, which is a topic debated by many experts, but many other issues dangerous to children are of concern too. Children who have access to the internet can easily be lured into something dangerous. As stated by Manista (2002), â€Å"censorship on the internet has become an issue for a number of very specific reasons†. Parents should not assume that their children are safe online from internet dangers; and they should not just rely on soft ware to protect their children. According to Schwartz (2004), using filters to block access to undesirable materials may never prove to be the solution. In addition, governments should have the power to decide what is not acceptable for the minds of children. In contrast, it is argued by some people that supervising access to the internet could limit the creativity of children. n addition, according to Males (2000), statistical evidence does not support to filter the internet. He describes that several kinds of sex offences has declined since period internet (1990s) access in America. This essay will investigate the unsuitable nature of much of the material on the internet for children. It will also examine the devastating and lasting e ffect of pornographic images on children. Thus, parents must play a key role to keep children safe from potential internet dangers. Finally, it will suggest that parents should teach children how to choose suitable materials on the internet. The first section of this essay will explain why internet pornography and some of the various resources unsuitable for children can have a harmful effect on children. The next section will maintain that soft ware is essential to protect children from site danger. Finally, this essay will argue that parents themselves should be aware of the dangers on the internet. It is important to recognize that pornographic images on the internet can have a devastating and lasting effect on children. Children using the internet unsupervised can view free pornography pictures through accidental accessing. Strohm (n. d. ) has claimed that it is a commonly held belief that pornography on the Internet presents a serious danger to children online, and that the effects of pornography are progressive and addictive for many people. He further points out that most pornography sites are very easy to find. These sites always invite children and teens to take part in exposure. Children using internet chat rooms are the main target of sexual predators, often with traumatic results (Nuss 1999). Pornography isn’t the only thing parents don’t want their children to see on the Internet. Parents are also concerned about anarchist, Neo-Nazi, and all sorts of other propaganda, as well as information on computer hacking and building explosives. There are hundreds of thousands of web sites promoting illicit activities. However, many individuals and organized groups at the same time are attempting to protect children from information on homosexuality, violence, drugs and alcohol, hate speech, and the environment. In addition, according to Males (2000), children can become victims of internet crime, such as pedophile contacts with children and child pornography distribution. It is possible that some children may be visiting internet sites and communicating with potential internet predators without parent know. Otherwise, some pornographers argue, â€Å"In the right hands porn has its place. As anyone in the industry will readily proclaim, millions of men and women enjoy Web erotica harmlessly, and some couples turn to porn to enhance their sex lives† (Jerome et al. 2004). Children may have the opportunity to become informed about adult lifestyle. Pornography materials on the internet or ther media can be a valuable educational tool for children to understand about the concept of sexuality (Reisman & Ray 1999). Furthermore, according to Males (2000), the internet access period (1990s) does not seem to have brought about any particularly bad effects. Nonetheless, children have access to computers and the internet not only at home, but in many other places, what they choose to view is very difficult to control. It is a concern of many parents that fr eedom of information presented by the internet can pollute their main of children. Many kinds of methods have been implemented to avoid some of these negative effects of the internet. First of all, â€Å"School on the Web†, for example, is a program has been developed by Microsoft and MCI to assist many schools attending information about education world on the internet. Moreover, Cyber Patrol, a popular soft ware, is a soft ware program that contains a twofold filtering technique. It can block unsuitable sites from a list of restricted web addresses (Reeks 2005).. Others products are Bess/N2H2, CyberSnoop, I-Gear, Internet Filter, Library Channel, NetShepherd. On Guard, Parental Discretion, Rated-PG, SmartFilter, Tattle-Tale, WebSense, and X-Stop. These soft ware are designed to present at one or more many kinds of computers. According to Schrader (1999), these products offer five basic approaches – bad word, bad site, bad topic, site content rating systems and bad service – to control expressive content on the internet which may be set by the individual user or built into the program. In addition, children using the internet can also be prevented from disclosing their personal details via e-mail or chat room with the application of soft ware, such as Net Nanny. Meanwhile, The Platforms for Internet Content Selection (PICS) provides particular-labeling vocabularies, which work in different way to filter, to block inappropriate materials. According to Resnick and Miller (1996) the parent, as a user, can select every material in the certain label that is provided by software to block unsuitable sites. Nevertheless, it is an impossible task to be able to censor everything on the internet because the internet is an infinite global network. Males (2000) maintains that the internet would be a useless tool for students if it is blocked, or filtered. Filters can easily block student out of websites that they need to access for research simply because they contain words that have been flagged as inappropriate. He also believes that People who worry about the internet have a phobia or anxiety disorder which is not concerned about real problems. However, using appropriate soft ware can help to minimize the negative effects of the internet, even if many weaknesses exist in various software. Parents can play a key role in helping young people to be aware of the dangers and can get practical help on keeping children safe online. Governments especially, which have the power to decide what is not acceptable for the eyes of children, should make many regulations to help parents to keep children safe from potential internet danger. In late 1999, the Australian Government established NetAlert to provide independent advice and education on managing access to and usage of the Internet (NetAlert 2005). First of all, parents need to build trusting relationships with children and set a good example. Most parents teach their children not to give out information to strangers, not to open the door if they are home alone (AACAP 1997). As a result, it is hopped that children never give their name, phone number, e-mail address, password, postal address, school, or picture without their parent permission. Furthermore, parents should also teach children how to search and find many materials that are suitable for young people (in Healey ed. 2002). Parents are strongly encouraged to speak openly with their children about online dangers and monitor their online activities. Moreover, it is important for parents to be aware that they can not assume that their child will be protected by the supervision or regulation provided by the online services. Only parents can judge when a young person is mature enough to access the internet. Nuss (1999) also claims that children will be much safer accessing the internet if parents take the time to learn to use the internet first. However, children often feel that as Internet users, they know how to make a decision about what materials are harmful. Moreover, when students are exploring the Net for different kinds of materials, they are essentially exploring the real world (Singhal 1997). The internet is one of the contexts in which young people can discover themselves, what is normal and abnormal in their behavior (in Healey ed. 002). However, because most children do not understand what materials on the internet are real or just imagined, parents should not trust children to use the internet without supervision. In conclusion, the internet is a valuable tool for assisting in the education of children. However, when children are online, they can easily be lured into something dangerous. Children have access to online information that promotes hate, violence and pornography. These can influence their behavior and even be harmful. Filter soft ware is the most effective way to protect children from inappropriate materials on the internet. Therefore, parents, who play a key role, should talk to their children about what is online and what might happen online. Finally, the government should use its power to control those sites that provide unsuitable material for young people.

Human Responses to Features of Insects and Impact on Media on Image Representation

Human Responses to Features of Insects and Impact on Media on Image Representation The fact that most people express their negative attitudes to some insects is culturally and historically predetermined. Most of the fears that people experience are associated with insects and the consequences of dealing with these creatures. However, these biases are premised on the images and experiences of previous cases of encountering insects.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Human Responses to Features of Insects and Impact on Media on Image Representation specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In fact, many insects are considered the carriers of dangerous diseases and infections that can put human life under the threat. At the same time, some of insects are used in cuisine of certain cultures. The existence of many meanings and contexts in which insects are represented relates to the images in medical journals, mass media representations, or rituals of certain tribes. These shifts are especially important because th ey outline two features of insects – representation of insects as monstrous taboo and that of eating insects for survival. In some cultures, humans consume insects because they are nutritious and they help them to survive. In modern Western society, insects are consumed for entertainment and for the spectacle. As a result, people face their fears while eating insects, but their fears are imposed by the media images that consider this species a threat to human life. The changes in perception of entomophagy demonstrate the promotion of new contextual meanings of consuming insects that play a crucial role in representing the concept of fear in cinematography. Many thrilling and horror movies are premised on the human disgust of insects that are now represented as catalysts of panic and trepidation. In fact, cinematography has become the trigger of new perceptions, and viewers perceive insects not as gustatory experiences, but also as the entertaining ones. The modern concept of entomophagy involves both nutrition meaning, as well as the function of horrifying or pleasing the spectators. The evolution of this discipline also relates to the constantly changing patterns of communication and social interaction. Consuming insects is not only a physical act of food intake.Advertising Looking for essay on biology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Rather, it is an experience of eating that is accompanied by communication, audience, and rich experiences. Therefore, the emphasis placed on experience and image introduced by popular culture changes the initial meaning of the ritual of consuming insects. More importantly, it produces new connotations and discourses in which entomophagy embodies new paradigms and transgressions. The tacit meaning can differ due to the diverse cultural orientations and emergence of visual and textual contexts. The spectacle does not only alter the interpretation of entomop hagy, but also introduces new dimensions of research. Mass media promotes destructive and thrilling images and imposes passive influence on audience’s experiences. On the one hand, the created images may either provoke disgust while viewing insects as food or human can become more curious about the insects as objects of fear. On the other hand, stimulating a range of new emotions plays an important role in creating new meanings and dimensions of entomophagy. In conclusion, media images of insects promoted in the past century and at the beginning of twenty-first century have had a potent impact on shifts in understanding science of entomophagy. In particular, insects have now been perceived not only as objects of nutrition and tribal rituals, but also as the objects of entertainment. Emergence of horror pictures of spiders and bugs in cinema industry passively influences human consciousness and makes people create new contextual meanings and roles of insects in a contemporary life.

The 7 Things That Really Look Good on a College Application

The 7 Things That Really Look Good on a College Application SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips What looks good on a college application? It’s the question nearly every high school student will ask at some point while applying to college. But is there a clear answer? Fortunately, theanswer is yes! Read onto learn what colleges look for in applicants, what looks really good on a college application, and what kinds of myths there are about good things to put on a college application. What Are Colleges Looking for in Applicants? Everyone applying to college has wondered, "What exactly are colleges looking for in applicants?" In other words, what looks good on a college application? While all colleges are different, of course, with some valuing certain qualities or skills more or less than other schools, allcolleges generally look forsmart, studious, ambitious, and passionate students. Therefore, your college application should emphasize your best, most impressive qualities. For example, if you play the violin and want to study music in college, you’ll want to touch on this interest you have in different areas of your application. A good college application will also showcase your sincere interest in the school.You wouldn’t be applying to a college unless you had a reason to want to go there, right?Make sure to explain (especially if you need to write a "Why This College" essay) exactly how you became interested in the school and why you think it's a good fit for you and your goals. You don’t need to be the next Marie Curie or Stephen Hawking (though it certainly doesn’t hurt if you are!), but you should be open to new opportunities and willing to challenge yourself. Overall, the basic point of a college application is to make you stand out from other applicants in a positive, memorable, and unique way. This fact is especially important in light of how many first-year applications colleges receive each year.According to the 2018 report by the National Association for College Admission Counseling (NACAC), the number of first-year applications received by US colleges increased by 4% from fall 2016 to fall 2017. The report found that "the average number of applications for each admission office staff member (excluding administrative staff) for the Fall 2017 admission cycle was 791 for public institutions and 426 for privates." These trends indicate that your application will definitely need to leave a lasting impression on the admissions committee if you hope to get into that school. The degree by which you must stand out from other applicants will depend on how selective a particular school is.In general, the more selective a college is, the more impressive and unique your application will have to be. Finally, what looks good on an application will vary depending on the college and what the college values.For instance, at colleges that don’t place a big emphasis on standardized tests, a high SAT score likely won’t be much of a factor in admissions. This is just a general overview of what colleges look for in applicants. So what looks really good on a college application? Up next, we look at the specific qualities you should strive to include on your application so you can raise your chances of getting accepted. What Looks Good on a College Application? 7 Key Elements In addition to key personality traits, such as ambition, passion, genuine interest, and academic curiosity, what looks really good on a college application? In general, a great application will have most or all of the following elements: A high GPA (relative to what admitted students have) and a rigorous curriculum Strong test scores (relative to what admitted students have) A specific, honest, and well-written personal statement A unique extracurricular interest or passion (a "spike," as we like to call it) Volunteering experience with measurable impact Compelling letters of recommendation written on your behalf Work experience, particularly jobs related to your academic or professional interests It’s OK if you don’t have every single quality listed above, but if you do, your chances of getting accepted to the college of your dreams will go way up! Now then, let’s take a look at each of these qualities in more detail. #1: Excellent Grades in Challenging Courses The first important part of the college application is the transcript, which consists of your GPA and the names and types of classes you’ve taken in high school. Most people believe a high GPA (the definition of which can vary at different colleges) will make an application stronger.And this is true! According to NACAC, 80.9% of colleges ranked grades in high school classes considerably important.In fact, this factor was ranked the most important of any in the report. What’s truly important, though, isn’t that you simply have a high GPA overall but rather that you have a GPA that's higher than the average GPA of admitted students at the college you're applying to. To find a college's average GPA, search "[School Name] PrepScholar admission requirements" on Google and then click our database link to that school.This page will show you what the school's average GPA is, in addition to other admission requirements. For example, if you want to apply to Notre Dame, you would search for "Notre Dame PrepScholar admission requirements" and click the link to our Notre Dame admission reqs page, which looks like this: As you can see, Notre Dame's average (weighted) GPA for admitted applicants is 4.04.As a result, if you're applying here, you’ll want to have a GPA of at least 4.04, preferably higher so you will be an above-average applicant. It’s not just about getting a high GPA, though; you must also take a range of challenging courses throughout high school if you really wish to impress an admissions committee.This means you’ll want to take not just basic-level classes but also someAP, honors, and/or IB courses, particularly in subjects you are good at and might want to continue to study in college or major in. The 2018 NACAC report found that a whopping 80.6% of colleges ranked an applicant’s rigor of curriculum moderately or considerably important. Think about it: though a perfect 4.0 might look great at an initial glance, if you got this high GPA by only taking the easiest classes available and didn’t challenge yourself with higher-level coursework, your transcripts aren’t likely to impress college admissions officers that much. Even if you started high school with lower grades, an upward grade trend is a great point to emphasize on your application.This suggeststhat you’re capable of bouncing back from any difficulties you might face and are willing to put in the work necessary for excelling in college. #2: High Test Scores Test scores, mainly SAT/ACT scores, are another key part of college applications (unless, of course, you’re applying to colleges that don’t require test scores). On the NACAC report, 83.1% of colleges believe admission test scores are at least moderately important.This is why it’s vital that you try to get as high an SAT/ACT score as you can, ideally one in at least the 75th percentile for your colleges. The 75th percentile means that 75% of admitted students at a particular school achieved this score or lower. Reaching (or surpassing)this threshold means that you’re scoring higher than most other admitted applicants are- and well above that college's average score. To find the middle 50% (that is, the 25th and 75th percentile SAT/ACT scores) for a school, search on Google for "[School Name] PrepScholar admission requirements."Click the link to our page for the school to see its requirements, including its average SAT/ACT scores. For example, say you’re planning to apply to NYU.Here's what the SAT scores section on NYU’s PrepScholar admission reqs page looks like: Here, we can see the average SAT score for NYU is 1410- that’s pretty high, in the 95th percentile! To really stand out as an applicant, though, you’ll want to aim for at least the 75th percentile. For NYU, that's1500, whichcorresponds to the 99th percentile, or the top 1% of test takers. Since you’re likely applying to more than just one school, you’ll need to set an SAT/ACT goal score, that is, a score high enough to get you into all the colleges you're applying to. To set a goal score, start by making a chart of all the schools you're applying to.You can make your own chart or download a blank template. Below is a sample SAT goal score chart: School Name 25th Percentile Score 75th Percentile Score Marquette University University of Wisconsin- Madison Michigan State University University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Next, look up the 25th and 75th percentile SAT scores for each of the schools you’re applying to using our PrepScholar admission requirements pages. (Follow the steps above for NYU to learn how to do this.) Once you've got these scores, write them in your chart as so: School Name 25th Percentile Score 75th Percentile Score Marquette University 1140 1370 University of Wisconsin- Madison 1280 1470 Michigan State University 1050 1310 University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign 1310 1480 Now, look at all the 75th percentile scores in your chart.The highest score will be your goal score, as this is the one most likely to get you into all the schools you’re applying to. With our example chart, the highest score is 1480, or the 75th percentile score for the University of Illinois.By getting a 1480 or higher, you’ll be getting an impressive score not just for this school but also for Marquette, UW Madison, and MSU, thereby raising your chances of getting into all colleges you’re applying to. #3: Sincere, Specific, and Well-Written Essays The personal statementis an important part of your college application as it’s one of the only areas where you can really showcase your personality. According to the 2018 NACAC survey, 53.6% of schools consider application essays moderately or considerably important.While some colleges don’t require essays, those that do usually place at least moderate importance on them. So how can you ensure your essay will impress the admissions committee? Generally,colleges are looking for three main qualities in a personal essay: Honesty: What you write about should have actually happened to you and should be how you actually feel. Exaggerating details and outright lying are big no-noes here! Specificity: Using concrete details to effectively convey your thoughts, view, and experiences will make your essay a lot more memorable, personable, and- most importantly- unique. Eloquence: Don’t expect to get accepted anywhere if your essay is poorly written and full of grammar and spelling errors. A great personal statement has a sensible organization, tells a compelling story, and is completely free of technical errors. Below are some steps you can take to guarantee that your essay will have all three qualities. Step 1: Brainstorm Significant Moments From Your Life What you write about for your college essay will vary depending on the prompt(s) you’re given from your school or the prompt you choose (for example, the Common App and Coalition App allow you to choose from among several prompts for your essay). In general, you’ll want to pick a topic that meets the following criteria: It really happened and was significant to you: If you’re writing about a specific incident, it should be something that actually happened and that had a large impact on how you define yourself, your goals, and/or your interests. It’s specific and interesting: Don’t write about a broad, universal topic that can apply to tons of other applicants as well. Instead, focus on an event, issue, person, or struggle that’s unique to you and your life. It reveals something important about you: The essay is meant to highlight something you think the admissions committee should know about you, such as a personality trait you have, how you overcame some sort of challenge, or how you became interested in a field of study. It has a positive lean: While you don’t need to pick a topic that’s overly light or cheery, it should still have an ultimately positive lean that reveals something good about you rather than something bad, controversial, or immoral. Step 2: Write Your Essay The next step is to actually begin writing your essay.Don’t worry too much about grammar and flow at this point; just get down your ideas and start deciding which details and examples might work well in your essay. As you write, remember to channel your inner voice.This essay should sound like the real you, not an imitation of what you think colleges want to hear.So if you’re the sarcastic type, you might want to include a joke or two, for instance. Don't forget that the essay is a way for the admissions committee to learn more about you, so don’t shy away from your true self! On that same note, it’s OK to get creative here. The essayisn't an academic essay you’d write for English class- it's a story. Feel free to inject your writing with various literary techniques, such as a non-chronological organization, realistic dialogue, and memorable imagery. Lastly, make sure you’re sufficiently answering the prompt and are abiding by all technical requirements (such as length).You can check a college's essay requirements by referring to its application requirements page or by reading the instructions on the Common App, Coalition App, or Universal College App websites (if submitting your application through one of these platforms). An essay that's too long might get cut off when you submit it electronically, so be sure it adheres to all the requirements. Step 3: Edit and Proofread Several Times Once you have a rough draft of your college essay, it’s time to polish it up for submission. The best way to edit is to put your essay away for a few days.This will give you some distance away from your writing, allowing you to look back at your essay later with a fresher perspective. As you reread your essay, mark any areas in it that are unclear, awkward, or irrelevant to the main point you're trying to make with it.You should also correct any obvious typos or errors,such as mistakes in grammar, spelling, or punctuation. Once you’ve done this process a few times, give your essay to someone to read.Ideally, this will be a person you trust, such as a parent, teacher, counselor, or tutor.Have the person you choose offer clear feedback on your essay and check that you've met all requirements.Edit your essay as needed in accordance with the comments you get. After you’ve finished all of this, you should now have a perfect college essay to submit with your application! #4: A Spike in Your Extracurriculars Almost every college will want to know what kinds of extracurricular activities you do or have done in your spare time. Indeed, 38.5% of colleges surveyed regard students' extracurricular activities moderately or considerably important.Ask yourself: what are your interests outside of school and how do you engage in them? The trick here is to provide not a list of all the random activities you've done but rather a detailed overview of one to two of your most passionate interestsand any big achievements you've made in them. In other words, you need to figure out what your "spike" is, a concept which PrepScholar co-founder and Harvard alum Allen Cheng describes in his expert guide on how to get into the Ivy League. To put it simply, aspike is deep accomplishment in and knowledge of a particular field. As an example, say you plan to major in biology. You’ll stand out as an applicant if you have tons of biology- or science-related experiences under your belt.Maybe you’re part of your school’s biology club, or maybe you volunteered at a local research lab, which taught you the basics of handling lab equipment. In addition to having a variety of experiences and sufficient background knowledge in the field, you want to highlight any relevant major accomplishments you have.For instance, maybe you won a science fair your sophomore year of high school; most recently, you submitted an award-winning invention idea to a national contest As you can see, this concept of the spike is the opposite of being well rounded, which most students assume they need to be (read the next section to learn more about this myth). If you’re not sure what your spike is just yet, take some time to try out new activities and explore any interests you have, both in and outside of school. Over time you should start to get a feel for what you're passionate about and what you can see yourself committing to in the future. #5: Compelling Letters of Recommendation Most colleges require at least one letter of recommendation from either your high school counselor or a high school teacher (or both). The 2018 NACAC survey indicates that 53.5% of colleges consider teacher recommendations at least moderately important, while a higher 56.9% consider counselor recommendations the same. Therefore, we can say it’s pretty important to secure great recommendation letters for your application. If you’re asking for a letter from a teacher, make sure tochoosesomeone whose class you got a high grade in (ideally an A) and who is familiar with your abilities, ambitions, and interests. Typically, you'll need to submit at least one letter from a teacher who taught a core class (so math, English, science, or social studies/history). It’s a good idea to also get a letter from a teacher who works in the field you plan to major in.So if you got an A in AP English and plan to major in English, asking that teacher for a recommendation letter would give a great boost to your application. While you don’t have to be best buddies with the teacher you ask, they should definitely know you well, beyond the classroom, so they can effectively explain to admissions committees what makes you special, that is, what makes you worth admitting. For example, if you did research with a particular teacher, are part of a club this teacher coaches or leads, or helped out this teacher with a project, this would be a good person to ask to write a letter for you. Once you’ve secured a recommendation letter writer, be sure to provide them with any materials or information they might need to help them craft a compelling letter. #6: Volunteering Experience With Measurable Impact Colleges love it when an applicant has not simply volunteered but has also made a measurable impact with their volunteering efforts.What does this mean exactly? If you have volunteered somewhere or for an organization, your assistance should have resulted in a noticeable, positive change to the group, community, or area you were aiming to help. For instance, say you volunteered at a local library.Maybe the library was struggling to get funds to continue operating, and you came up with the idea to hold a 24-hour reading marathon in order to raise money.The fundraiser ended up making more than $5,000, a figure that would be a concrete indicator of the positive impact your service had on the library. Withyour college application, then, you could specifically mention how your initiative allowed the library to remain open. Note that you don’t need to have assumed a leadership role in order to have made a positive impact through your service. That said, college admissions committees are often very big fans of students who show evidence of their budding leadership skills. #7: (Relevant) Work Experience Although you’re certainly not required to work a part-time job in high school, having some work experience on your college applications, especially any jobs that are related to what you want to study or do professionally, will help you stand out in a positive way. Even if your job isn't connected to a long-term academic or career goal you have, any (part-time) work experience you have will be great to put down on your application because itemphasizes your sense of responsibility, maturity, and willingness to work for your goals,key qualities that are usually considered important for success in college. Also, if you have any room on the application to elaborate on your job, I suggestexplaining why you initially took the job and what values or skills it's taught you, such as the importance of responsibility or how to work with certain equipment that you’ll likely use again in the future. 4 Myths About What Looks Good on a College Application What looks really good on a college application?Many students think they know, but the truth is that there are a lot of myths out there about what you should include on your application. Below, we introduce to you the top four myths about what looks good on college applications. Myth 1: Being Well Rounded Is Critical for Success One of the most pervasive myths out there about what looks good on a college application is the idea of being well rounded. Many students assume they'll need to have tons of extracurricular activities on their applications; this, they believe, will emphasize their array of interests as well as their knowledge of a variety of fields. But all this really tells admissions committees is that you’re stretching yourself too thin and (most likely) lack focus on a specific endeavor in your life. What colleges actually want to see is a spike,that is,a single passion. This allows colleges to get a clearer feel for who you are, what you’re interested in, and what your goals are. Having a spike lets you stand out in a truly meaningful way, whereas being well rounded will make you forgettable and seem too similar to other applicants. Spikes are especially important at highly selective colleges and universities, such as Harvard, Yale, and other Ivy League-level schools. You can read more about how to develop a spike in our guide to getting into the Ivy League. If you aim for well rounded, you'll start to look like everyone else. Myth 2: Essays Aren’t That Important After Time published a 2014 article onwhy college application essays don’t actually matter all that much, students began to fear that all their hard work on their statements wouldn’t mean much in the end, if at all. But while some colleges don’t require personal essays, most colleges do require at least one or two essays- and will place a decent amount of emphasis on it, especially if it is being used as a deciding factor between two otherwise equally qualified applicants. Even though you should approach the essay seriously, it’s still generally rare for an exceptionally well-written essay to make up for tons of low grades and poor test scores.On the flip side, if you have a great application but a badly written essay, that essay alone could get you rejected! Therefore, make sure that you’re following all the steps listed above so you can craft the perfect statement for your application. Myth 3: An A in an Easy Class Is Better Than a B in a Hard Class Many students believe it’s better to stick to the classes you know you’ll get As in, but this piece of advice is misguided when it comes to college applications. In general, colleges prefer students who challenge themselves by taking an array of difficult classes, such as AP and honors classes. And you don't have to get perfect grades in them.If you get a B in a tough AP class, for example, this will emphasize to the admissions committee that you are willing to take on new challenges and test your limits, traits that are necessary for succeeding in and after college. On the other hand, getting As in all easy classes, though not totally unimpressive, is not nearly as interesting to colleges, as it suggests you’re unwilling to push yourself and further hone your higher-level critical thinking skills. All of this being said, try to avoid getting very low grades in any classes you take (regular or honors/AP). C and D grades obviously won’t look great to an admissions committee, even if you got these grades while challenging yourself in AP classes. If you can’t get at least a B or B+ in a difficult class, it’ll probably be better for you to drop it and switch to either the regular version of that class or an entirely different class altogether. Myth 4: Only Perfect Applicants Get Admitted Many students assume that if they have one little flaw in their application, such as a below-average test score or slightly low grade in a class, their chances of getting admitted to college will be slim to none. This just isn’t true. Yes, a very low test score or a very poor transcript may cause you to get rejected from a college, but many colleges use a holistic admission process, meaningthey look at and consider each individual applicant as a whole. So even if your application has a not-so-stellar component on it, this doesn’t necessarily mean you’ll be a reject. In fact, at particularly selective colleges, such as the Ivy League, you’ll often hear of cases in which ostensibly "perfect" applicants got rejected. This is most likely because they didn't have a spike in their applications (i.e., something that made them stand out). Overall, just try your best to produce the best application you can, and then hope for a good result! Takeaways: What Looks Good on a College Application Applying to college is tough, and knowing what to put on your applications to make yourself stand out is even tougher.What looks really good on a college application? Generally speaking, colleges want to see your passion, intellectual curiosity, willingness to challenge yourself, and academic accomplishments. More specifically, though, colleges typically prefer applicants who have most or all of the following characteristics: Good grades and a challenging course load Strong test scores Honest, specific, and eloquent essays A spike in your extracurricular activities Compelling letters of recommendation Volunteer experience with clear impact on the groups or places you’ve helped Any relevant or impactful work experience Finally, as you apply to college and try to think of good things to put on a college application, make sure you’re aware of the following truths about the application process: It’s better to have a spike than to be well rounded Essays are important! A B in a hard course is more impressive than an A in an easy course You can still get into your dream school even if your application isn’t perfect What’s Next? A great college application will get you admitted.Use our college acceptance calculator to get an estimated percentage of your chance of getting into your dream school, based on your SAT or ACT score and GPA. One thing a great college application can have is a high SAT or ACT score.Get expert tips in our guides on how to get a perfect 36 on the ACT and how to get a perfect 1600 on the SAT. Need help figuring out which colleges to apply to? Our guide teaches you how to narrow down your college choices so that you're applying to the best schools for you. Want to build the best possible college application? We can help. PrepScholar Admissions is the world's best admissions consulting service. We combine world-class admissions counselors with our data-driven, proprietary admissions strategies. We've overseen thousands of students get into their top choice schools, from state colleges to the Ivy League. We know what kinds of students colleges want to admit. We want to get you admitted to your dream schools. Learn more about PrepScholar Admissions to maximize your chance of getting in.